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Collection The World Customs Organization (WCO) has developed a set of standards to protect and facilitate the growing international commerce and international trade, and promoted them through the Framework of Standards for the Security and Facilitation of Global Trade (hereinafter referred to as the Framework) adopted at the annual meeting of the Customs Cooperation Council in 2005. Most members expressed their willingness to launch the implementation of the Framework to the World Customs Organization, and the Chinese delegation also formally signed the letter of intent for implementation, saying that it would gradually implement the relevant contents of the Framework
The Framework includes four core elements, two pillars, 17 standards and technical provisions on these 17 standards.
The four core elements include: the electronic information of import, export and transshipment goods is required to be submitted in advance; Adopt consistent risk management methods; At the reasonable request of the importing country, the customs of the exporting country shall inspect the high-risk containers and goods exported and require the customs to provide corresponding convenience to the business community that meets the standard.
Based on these four elements, the Framework puts forward two pillars to ensure the security of the supply chain, namely, the cooperative arrangement between customs and customs and the partnership between customs and the business community. The first pillar is the cooperative arrangement between customs and customs, which includes 11 standards such as "customs should operate in accordance with the customs supervision procedures specified by the World Customs Organization in the Integrated Supply Chain Management Guidelines (ISCM Guidelines)", involving supply chain management, inspection power and technology, risk management and control, electronic information exchange All aspects of customs supervision work such as performance and safety assessment and staff integrity. These standards will also encourage cooperation between the customs and other government departments, help the government implement unified border management and control, and enable the government to expand its authority and responsibilities in this field by taking necessary measures. The second pillar is the cooperation between the customs and the business community, including six standards. Enterprises should implement the self-assessment procedure with the security standards set by the customs as the parameters, the security measures that the supply chain operators themselves should take, the acquisition of authorization certification, the adoption of new technologies, the cooperation and exchange with the customs, and the conditions for obtaining trade facilitation. Among them, obtaining the status of "certification operator" and being recognized by other parties in the supply chain is probably the most important for enterprises engaged in international trade, which will enable them to gain the trust of all parties and gain the benefits of various trade facilitation measures. For example, the customs clearance speed of goods will be accelerated due to the reduced inspection rate, because a set of international standards has been established, achieving consistency and predictability, Reduce diverse and complex reporting requirements to save time and cost.
In order to implement these standards, the Framework also formulated detailed implementation rules (also known as technical provisions) for each standard. For example, the rules for the implementation of the second pillar standard stipulate that, with regard to partnerships, "The custom-business partnership document jointly developed should, as far as possible, start the written verifiable security steps and procedures according to the business model of the certified operator (AEO) to ensure that AEO's business partners, including manufacturers, product suppliers and general merchants, declare their intention to comply with the standard provisions in the framework of standards to ensure the security and convenience of global trade"; On the security issue, "trade sensitive data should be protected through necessary automatic backup methods, such as the personal assigned password account that needs to be renewed regularly, appropriate information system security training and protection against unauthorized access or misuse of information"; With regard to authorization certification, "the customs authorities and business representatives should design a set of confirmation system or qualification appraisal system to encourage enterprises to obtain the qualification of certified operators", and "each customs should recognize the status of AEO". The standards and implementation rules of the Framework are mostly derived from the relevant conventions formulated by the World Customs Organization and some successful practical experiences of its members.
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